The Conquest and Colonisation of the Inca Empire by the Spanish
Before the arrival of the European explorers, the continent of South America was home to numerous powerful and complex civilisations. Among the most prominent of these was the Inca Empire — a highly organised society that sprawled across the rugged Andean mountain range and stretched along the Pacific coast, encompassing what is now known as Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and parts of Chile, Argentina, and Colombia.
The Inca Empire was a vast and populous civilisation, with estimates of its population ranging from 6 to 12 million at its zenith. It was distinguished by its meticulous administrative system, complex mythology, and advanced architectural achievements. From their capital, Cusco, the Inca’s Quechua-speaking rulers orchestrated an intricate network of roads and bridges that connected the vast territories, serving as vital veins of communication, transport, and trade.
On the cultural front, the Incas demonstrated extraordinary proficiency in architecture and engineering, with their breathtaking terraced landscapes and grand structures like Machu Picchu and Sacsayhuamán standing as testament to their prowess.
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